The "Aritmética de Baldor" (Baldor's Arithmetic) is a comprehensive textbook on arithmetic that has been widely used in Latin America for generations. First published in 1941 by Aurelio Baldor, a Cuban mathematician and educator, the book has undergone several revisions and updates, with the most recent edition being the "Nueva Edición" (New Edition). This paper aims to review the significance and relevance of Baldor's Arithmetic in mathematics education.